Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, cilt.35, sa.13, 2024 (SCI-Expanded)
Composites comprised (100 − x)% of barium titanate (BaTiO3) and x% ternary MnNi-Ce ion-substituted Co spinel ferrites (SFs) as Co0.8Mn0.1Ni0.1Fe1.9Ce0.1O4 were prepared via solid-state reaction method, wherein x = 0, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 100%. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and elemental mappings showed the creation of biphasic composites without any traces of impurity, confirming the successful preparation of the desired composites. The electrical and dielectric properties were studied extensively with analyses based on some result-oriented parameters using an impedance spectroscopy technique. The parameters reviewed include ac/dc conductivity, activation energy, dielectric loss, dielectric constant, dissipation factor, real/imaginary impedances, and Nyquist analysis of the Cole–Cole plots, which are evaluated extensively at temperatures ranging from 20 to 120 °C for frequencies up to 1.0 MHz. The ac conductivity complies with the power law frequency rule for each composition ratio. It has been noted that the activation energy is easily calculated with a linear fit in the Arrhenius graphs and its value increases from 40 to 431 meV depending on any rise in composition ratios. Along with the dielectric constant and the loss parameter, the dissipation factor also varies highly depending on the composition ratio. Each of the ratios gives us different trends for all dielectric parameters, with respect to both frequency and temperature variation which is highly influential in regard to grain boundaries, grains, and the elements forming the composites. It is considered that the change of activation energy and dc conductivity tendency of BaTiO3 to ternary ion-substituted Co-SFs with the composition ratio is due to electron hopping, polaronic, and ionic contributions to the conductivity mechanism. Depending on the temperature, Cole–Cole plots present a semicircle of different radii for x = 100%, which indicates that the resistive and capacitive responses are correlated to the contributions of grain boundaries and grains and ternary ions within the studied composites.