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X. Multidisciplinary Cancer Research Congress, Eskişehir, Turkey, 8 - 11 May 2025, pp.182, (Summary Text)
Introduction and Aim: Ornithogalum L. is a genus comprising approximately 200 species distributed across warm regions of Europe, Asia, and Africa, 54 of which grow naturally in Turkiye. The aerial parts and bulbs of Ornithogalum species are consumed as food and have been employed in ethnomedicine for various therapeutic purposes worldwide. Notably, Ornithogalum sigmoideum, which is commonly consumed in the Black Sea Region, has been reported to significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacity and is particularly rich in phenolic and flavonoid compounds. In light of these health-promoting effects; we aimed to study glutathione -S-transferase (GST) activities of aerial parts and bulbs of Ornithogalum sigmoideum in HEPG2 human hepatocellular cancer and HT-29 human colon cancer cell lines. Materials and Methods: The cytotoxic effects were evaluated on colorectal (HT-29) and hepatocellular (HEPG2) cancer cells using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The glutathione -S-transferase activity was determined using 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) and 1,2- epoxy-3-(p-nitrophenoxy) propane (EPNP) as GST substrates. Results: In the HEPG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, Ornitagalum underground extract statistically significantly reduced total GST activity. Ornitagalum underground extract reduced total GST activity %48,27 compared to the control group (p < 0,001). Ornitagalum underground extract statistically significantly increased total GST specific activity in HT-29 colon cancer cell line (p < 0,001).This increase rate was calculated as %44,99. Discussion: Reducing the total GST activity of cancer cells may bring about medically important advantages such as both the death of these cells and the reduction/elimination of their resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Therefore, the use of GST inhibitors or other methods to reduce GST activity is becoming increasingly important in studies aimed at developing current cancer treatment strategies. Key words: Glutathione-S-transferase, Ornithogalum sigmoideum, HEPG2, hepatocellular carcinoma, HT29, colon cancer.