Multiphysics optimization of graphene nanoribbon –based thermoelectric generators; A numerical approach for enhanced output power
Nano-Structures and Nano-Objects, cilt.46, 2026 (Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 46
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2026.101647
- Dergi Adı: Nano-Structures and Nano-Objects
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Scopus
- Anahtar Kelimeler: GNR length, Graphene nano ribbon, Open Circuit Voltage, Power factor, Seebeck coefficient, TEG. maximum output power, Thermoelectric generator
- İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Solid-state devices as an energy source, and deprived of a prerequisite electrical source, are desired for autonomous sensors or transportable devices such as wearable devices, etc. Thermoelectric generators are one of the worthy and qualified candidates to meet such demands, although they suffer from low efficiency. The Seebeck coefficient and temperature different are the most imperative factors in producing high voltage output in thermoelectric generators. Graphene-based materials, due to unique properties such as light weight and superconductivity, are an excellent choice for TEGs at the nanoscale. Graphene nanoribbons, in comparison with graphene flakes, have a higher bandgap due to quantum confinement and possess a higher Seebeck coefficient. In the present work, Seebeck analysis, as the main factor in output voltage, is considered for graphene nanoribbon–based TEGs at the nanoscale for one unit cell and for N unit cells. The Seebeck coefficient and maximum output power of the TEG as functions of channel length, power factor, and temperature are explored. The Coulomb-drag effect is omitted by considering sufficient separation between reservoir channels. Moreover, the maximum output voltage and power as functions of graphene nanoribbon length and temperature gradient are obtained simultaneously. As a result, unlike prior static geometries, optimal operating points for maximizing output efficiency are identified by investigating the temperature variation, nanoribbon length, and number of unit cells in nanoscale TEGs. The resulting outcomes match experimental outputs (Seebeck coefficient and power factor of 68 µV/K and 6.78 µW/K²·m, respectively) and are supported by practical thermoelectric device parameters, achieving acceptable results for application in wearable and tunable devices.