Optimization-Based Screening of HVAC System Selec tion for Energy-Efficient and Environmentally Responsible Design
Presentation, pp.1-14, 2026
- Publication Type: Other Publication / Presentation
- Publication Date: 2026
- Page Numbers: pp.1-14
- Istanbul Gelisim University Affiliated: Yes
Abstract
Abstract. Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems are among the largest contributors to building energy use and, consequently, to op erational carbon emissions. In early-stage design, system selection can decisively influence long-term performance; however, decisions are often made using rule of-thumb assumptions that overlook interactions between climate, building loads, and system type. This study presents an architect-oriented parametric workflow for early-stage screening of HVAC alternatives using Rhinoceros/Grasshopper and the Galapagos evolutionary solver coupled with Honeybee–EnergyPlus sim ulation. Discrete HVAC templates (e.g., DOAS-, VRF-, all-air-, and radiant based options) are evaluated with a mixed-mode ventilation strategy using oper able windows, alongside code-consistent construction archetypes representing different structural systems and thermal mass characteristics. The optimization minimizes annual Energy Use Intensity (EUI) while enforcing thermal-comfort requirements through comfort-related constraints (e.g., unmet setpoint hours) and reporting ventilation indicators. Envelope performance varies through climate- and structure-specific construction sets, while geometry and window parameters are held constant; infiltration is kept constant across scenarios. The workflow is validated through baseline-case comparisons and simulation consistency checks, emphasizing its role as a decision-support tool rather than a substitute for detailed mechanical design. Results across four climates (Vancouver, Toronto, Istanbul, and Dubai) show that optimal HVAC choices and heating/cooling end-use break downs depend on both climate and construction archetype, demonstrating how parametric optimization can guide early-stage HVAC selection toward energy efficient and environmentally responsible design.